Plutonium vault in the former Kerr-McGee Cimarron Fuel Fabrication Plant. Some 50 lb. of plutonium went unaccounted for at the Cimarron plant during the Silkwood years due to sloppy handling and accounting uncertainties.
Stigma has a long half-life. 42 years ago, a young woman named Karen Silkwood was found dead in her wrecked car on the side of Oklahoma State Highway 74. She had been a laboratory worker at the nearby Kerr-McGee Cimarron Fuel Fabrication Plant as well as an OCAW union officer, and at the time of her death she was on a journey south to Oklahoma City, purportedly carrying evidence of unsafe work conditions and nuclear material diversion to a meeting with union representatives and the press. After Silkwood’s death, the alleged smoking-gun documents were nowhere to be found. Conspiracy theories blossomed in the absence of conclusive understanding into the circumstances of her death. The idea that Kerr-McGee management had her “bumped off” gained a major following, despite no evidence underpinning this suggestion and a competing toxicology finding of methaqualone in Karen’s blood. Two years later, in 1976, the Cimarron plant shut down in ignominy.
In 1983, Meryl Streep played Karen Silkwood to critical acclaim in a major motion picture that served to cement the murder theory in the popular imagination. While the basic plausibility of the alleged murder conspiracy fades with each passing year, it endures as fact in the folk wisdom of numerous anti-corporate and anti-nuclear advocates. As for the Kerr-McGee plutonium fuel plant, it too endures; and after decades of vacancy, is poised to rise from the ashes of its scandal-ridden nuclear past as a manufacturing facility for aircraft parts. This is particularly remarkable, as very few former nuclear facilities survive cleanup intact, and few structures survive decades of neglect to the elements. (Some of the surrounding lands, however, remain under NRC license and are still being remediated for contaminants.) I visited the site in the fall of 2016, and would like to thank Jeff Lux, project manager and engineer, for his generosity and willingness to take me around this landmark in the cultural history of nuclear technology in the USA.
Facade of the Kerr-McGee Cimarron plutonium fuel fabrication facility of Karen Silkwood fame, seen in the fall of 2016. The structure has been gutted, meticulously cleaned, sold for $6000 at auction, and is now being outfitted for manufacturing avionics.
Front office of the former Kerr-McGee plutonium fuel fabrication facility in Oklahoma. The building is being reused by an aviation company.
This vast open room in the southeastern quadrant of the plutonium plant was once a warren of analytical laboratories, and the workplace of Karen Silkwood within the Kerr-McGee plutonium fuel fabrication facility. The room is being outfitted now as a machine shop by the new owner.
Finished fuel storage room and shipping/receiving bay. Some original signage from the operating days remains on the wall. Also on the wall are grid lines used for conducting contamination surveys.
A sign still on the wall from the operational days of the Kerr-McGee plutonium fuel plant, when finished fuel elements were stored in this room.
This wall shows grid markings and radiation survey measurements (presumably in units of disintegrations per minute per 100 sq. cm.).
Fuel element fabrication area. Notice grid lines on the walls for radioactive contamination surveys.
Pu fuel pellet fabrication area, showing sand-blasted and removed non-structural walls from plutonium cleanup efforts.
Looking north across the Cimarron River floodplain, dotted with groundwater sampling wells behind the Pu facility.
The most contaminated water on the former Kerr-McGee site is found in this area toward the northeast. We can see a lot of sampling well head covers in this photo looking north toward the Cimarron River.
Fire-suppression reservoir that was part of the original plant works. The fishing is said to be great here, but the NRC won’t allow it.
Corner marker for an underground radioactive waste disposal area on the former Kerr-McGee plant property.
The Kerr-McGee Cimarron Fuel Fabrication Facility plutonium plant seen from the east in 2016. The companion uranium facility was to the left, but no longer stands on the site.
Sampling wells with color-coded caps that denote their depth. These wells lie near a solid radioactive waste burial area on site.
Nice article! I was born in Oklahoma (OKC) and have long been interested in the Silkwood story so it’s especially interesting to see the continuing story of the plant. One other coincidence, my father worked for Kerr-McGee in its early offshore oil drilling operations in the Morgan City, LA area.
by billmosby November 24, 2016 at 8:39 amOn one small detail I may have been in error with regard to Miss Silkwood’s story, and whom she was supposedly delivering these “documents” to. She was supposedly going to meet with a New York Times reporter in Oklahoma City for an interview, and hand over the aforementioned documents. Why a NYTs reporter is not explained, why not a Washington Post reporter, Chicago Tribune reporter, or someone else more local to the region?
by Fritz March 4, 2019 at 11:49 pmHow would the bosses at Kerr-McGee know where she was headed, and why? Apparently they had a security force to rival the East German Stasi, stationed between that pair of medium sized industrial buildings? But also apparently, Miss Silkwood could still walk away with hundreds of classified “documents”, and the facility still managed to mislay 50 pounds of plutonium without it being noticed?
It would seem that the only other witnesses to her having these documents were people that claimed she had a binder, or folder under her arm, at the union meeting an hour or more before. Assuming that she did have a binder or folder, how would they know what the contents were? Where and how did she obtain them, and why didn’t she allow someone else at the meeting to see them? Why didn’t she pass them along to a union official for safe keeping?
This is the problem with all conspiracy theories, the more you examine the details, and try to establish some chain of logic with the events, the more quickly they fall off the rails. What’s more the advocates usually take the tactic of demanding a reverse onus of proof, unless you prove that it didn’t happen means that it did happen. How does one prove a negative?
Hollywood really does not only the U.S, but pretty well the rest of the Western world, a disservice with films like the aforementioned. If Kerr-McGee had Miss Silkwood bumped off, en-route to delivering some “damning” documents to authorities (something which I could find no independent source to confirm outside the film), how come the medical examiner found Quaaludes in her stomach? If she had such documents why didn’t she make copies, or mail them directly to the NRC, or the media for that matter?
by Fritz March 4, 2019 at 2:16 amNow people think she was some sort of top ranking union activist, out to expose crime and corruption. Curious how a 28 year old would have had that stature after only working at the plant for 2-3 years? I do sympathize with her family, and friends regarding her death, it was a tragedy, but if she had not worked at that plant it would have gone down just like thousands of other similar accidents. Once some people hear the word “nuclear” their mind tends to turn off, and they run around like their hair is on fire.
It reminds me of the movie “Tucker”, thanks to that movie someone who was really just a footnote, and a curiosity in automotive history magically became an existential threat to the “big three” that they couldn’t live with on film. He never did get a production line into operation, he had 52 cars hand built, arranged some splashy publicity, then tried to sell dealerships, and tried to pre sell cars he couldn’t produce. The fact that Kaiser-Frazer was started around the same time, and not only produced and sold cars, but tens of thousands of them, without being shut down by collusion from Detriot, seems to elude most people.
It’s interesting to see what this place actually looks like, it’s really a medium sized industrial building, and probably at the smaller end of that.
by Fritz March 4, 2019 at 2:23 amNice article. It’s kind of easy to talk about a dead woman as the master mind of Kerr McGee environmental destruction zone, , 8 different nuclear power licences under 8 different names leaving buried contaminated trucks right there in that pretty green grass! I bet you wouldn’t eat that fish either! My mom was a tiny little woman who cared more about people , and you are not worth the poison that’s coming for ya!
by Kristi , Karen's oldest daughter, that's my Mama they killed you asshole. November 3, 2019 at 7:53 pmI’m not sure what this comment means with respect to “master mind” and so forth, but I will point out that no purpose of value is served by trollposting personal attacks directed at me. After all, you and I do not know each other. I’m sorry for your mother’s untimely death and I believe her efforts to bring about accountability at the plant were well-intentioned and well-informed. I’m not any kind of uniquely knowledgeable arbiter on what role, if any, Kerr-McGee had in her death; my narrative here follows the most mainstream views on that subject and you may hold a different view. What I uniquely provide here is simply a few photos that look inside the facility where your mother worked, in its modern condition, and by posting them I mean no disrespect to her.
by carlwillis November 3, 2019 at 8:53 pmWhere does Mr. Willis article makes no mention of any of this? Your comments are not only borderline incoherent, but could almost be construed as a threat. I think this is sick that you are using Miss.Silkwood’s daughter’s identity to troll someone who has really done nothing wrong. You do know that impersonating another person online is technically a Federal offense do you not?
by Fritz April 30, 2020 at 1:40 amYes they had security.
by Charley August 5, 2020 at 8:18 pmAnd Karens co-workers really wanted to keep their jobs — times were tough in the early seventies in Oklahoma.
Some folks would step over the line to protect their jobs and Kerr-McGee was paying good money to folks in small towns to make money on Production Fuel.
I remember it well, I lived in Edmond and the Silkwood case sent a chill through the town. Elected officials, and all kinds of personalities would only talk in small circles of trusted friends. It was as the movie portrayed.
No, I haven’t lived in Edmond since 1977. I miss the town.